Anatomy of cranial nerves

The unified nervous system is divided into central and peripheral according to the topographic principle. The central nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord. The peripheral nervous system includes the following structures: nerve roots, nerve nodes (ganglia), nerves and their derivatives (branches, plexuses and nerve endings). Nerves are divided into cranial, which extend from the brain, and spinal, which originate from the spinal cord. Branches of cranial nerves innervate muscles, skin, internal organs, glands, sensory organs, etc. Knowledge of these points is necessary when making a diagnosis, as well as in conservative and surgical treatment in clinics of neurosurgery, surgery, nervous and eye diseases.