The book has retained its original virtues of accuracy, clarity, comprehensiveness and consistency of style. The chapter consists of four parts: (i) Clinical long and short cases with discussion, (ii) Dark-room examination with questions and answers, (iii) Ophthalmic instruments and their uses, and (iv) General viva voce. The chapter will make the students familiar with the modus operandi of undergraduate practical examination in ophthalmology. Additionally, it will help in quick revision of the subject. A brief description of local ocular anesthesia is given in chapter 32, and chapter 33 contains drawings, descriptions, uses and methods of sterilization of ophthalmic instruments. The book is written mainly for the use of undergraduate medical students primarily keeping in mind their basic examination requirements. Hopefully, it will also be beneficial to the postgraduate students and residents in ophthalmology. The family practitioners, internists, neurologists and practicing general ophthalmologists can use it as a reference book in their day-to-day care of patients.
