Тест - PROFESSIONAL DISEASES OF RESPIRATORY ORGANS CAUSED BY EXPOSURE TO INDUSTRIAL AEROSOLS - Электронная библиотечная система "BookUp"

Вопрос 1 из 63. Which diseases listed below are not caused by inhalation of industrial dust?

Варианты ответов:

1. Pneumoconiosis

2. Byssinosis

3. Chronic bronchitis

4. Pneumonia

5. Bronchial asthma

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Вопрос 2 из 63. What dust particles are deposited on the mucous membrane of the trachea and large bronchi?

Варианты ответов:

1. The sizes are more than 20 microns.

2. The sizes are more than 10 microns

3. The sizes are less than 5-7 microns

4. All sizes mentioned

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Вопрос 3 из 63. What dust particles are deposited on the mucous membrane of the middle and small bronchi?

Варианты ответов:

1. The sizes are more than 20 microns

2. The sizes are more than 10 microns

3. The sizes are less than 5-7 microns

4. All sizes mentioned

5. None of the above

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Вопрос 4 из 63. What dust particles enter the lumen of the alveoli?

Варианты ответов:

1. The sizes are more than 20 microns

2. The sizes are more than 10 microns

3. The sizes are less than 5-7 microns

4. All sizes mentioned

5. None of the above

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Вопрос 5 из 63. Dust particles, what sizes are deposited in normal alveoli?

Варианты ответов:

1. The sizes are more than 20 microns

2. The sizes are more than 10 microns

3. The sizes are less than 5-7 microns

4. All sizes mentioned

5. None of the above

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Вопрос 6 из 63. Inhalation of which dust causes silicosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Containing silica particles

2. Containing particles of silicon hydroxide

3. Containing asbestos particles

4. Containing talc particles

5. Containing apatite particles

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Вопрос 7 из 63. Inhalation of which dust causes the formation of silicatosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Containing silica particles

2. Containing particles of silicon hydroxide

3. Containing particles of metals and their compounds

4. Containing carbon particles

5. Containing particles of organic compounds

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Вопрос 8 из 63. Inhalation of what dust causes the formation of carboconiosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Containing quartz particles

2. Containing asbestos particles

3. Containing talc particles

4. Containing apatite particles

5. Containing particles of coal, graphite

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Вопрос 9 из 63. Inhalation of what kind of dust causes the formation of metal consoles?

Варианты ответов:

1. Containing quartz particles

2. Containing asbestos particles

3. Containing iron particles

4. Containing graphite particles

5. Containing talc particles

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Вопрос 10 из 63. What does the fibrogenicity (ability to cause pulmonary fibrosis) of industrial dust primarily depend on?

Варианты ответов:

1. From the concentration of dust particles in the air we breathe

2. From the content in the dust particles of silicon dioxide

3. From the content of silicon hydroxide particles in dust

4. From the content in the dust of fungi and bacteria

5. From the duration of stay in dusty conditions

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Вопрос 11 из 63. What kind of dust cause silicosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Highly fibrogenic, containing more than 10% of silicon dioxide

2. Weak-fibrogenic, containing less than 10% silica

3. Afibrogenic, not containing silicon dioxide, with toxic-allergic properties

4. All listed

5. None of the above

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Вопрос 12 из 63. What dusts cause silicates?

Варианты ответов:

1. Highly fibrogenic, containing more than 10% of silicon dioxide

2. Weak-fibrogenic, containing less than 10% silica

3. Afibrogenic, not containing silicon dioxide, with toxic-allergic properties

4. All listed

5. None of the above

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Вопрос 13 из 63. What features are not typical for silicosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Long-term inhalation of dust containing more than 10% freedom of silica

2. Formation in the lung nodular interstitial fibrosis

3. Formation in the interstitial tissue of the lung granulomas from epithelioid cells

4. The defeat of the bronchial tree in the form of peribronchitis

5. Violation of the ventilation function of the lungs mainly by restrictive type

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Вопрос 14 из 63. What features are typical for silicosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Long-term inhalation of dust containing less than 10% silica

2. In the interstitial lung tissue granulomas are formed mainly from macrophages

3. The defeat of the bronchial tree in the form of endobronchitis

4. Violation of the ventilation function of the lungs mainly by obstructive type

5. All are typical

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Вопрос 15 из 63. Where do silicotic nodules form in the lungs?

Варианты ответов:

1. In the wall of the alveoli and alveolar passages

2. In peribronchial and perivascular interstitial spaces

3. In the course of the lymphatic vessels

4. In all specified places

5. No in one of these places

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Вопрос 16 из 63. What can occur on the site of silicotic nodules?

Варианты ответов:

1. Drain fields of fibrosis

2. Lime deposits

3. Caverns

4. All of the above

5. None of the above

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Вопрос 17 из 63. What kind of silicosis is, formed during the year of work in the environment of highly fibrogenic dust (containing more than 10% SiO2), characterized by persistently progressive flow, rapid, within 1-3 years, the formation of massive fibrosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. To "acute" silicosis

2. To chronic rapidly progressive silicosis

3. To chronic slowly progressive silicosis

4. To chronic late silicosis

5. No to one of the above

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Вопрос 18 из 63. What kind of silicosis, formed during 3-5 years of work in an environment of moderately fibrogenic dust (containing less than 10% SiO2), characterized by a progressive course, with transitions from the initial to the subsequent stages of the disease after 2- 3 years?

Варианты ответов:

1. To "acute" silicosis

2. To chronic rapidly progressive silicosis

3. To chronic slowly progressive silicosis

4. To chronic late silicosis

5. No to one of the above

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Вопрос 19 из 63. What kind of silicosis, formed over 10-12 years of work in an environment of weakly fibrogenic dust, characterized by latent onset, transitions from the initial to the subsequent stages of the disease in 5-10 years?

Варианты ответов:

1. To "acute" silicosis

2. To chronic rapidly progressive silicosis

3. To chronic slowly progressive silicosis

4. To chronic late silicosis

5. No to one of the above

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Вопрос 20 из 63. What type of silicosis is, which arose several years after the cessation of contact with fibrogenic dust, characterized by continuously progressive pulmonary fibrosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. K "acute" silicosis

2. To chronic rapidly progressive silicosis

3. To chronic slowly progressive silicosis

4. To chronic late silicosis

5. No to one of the above

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Вопрос 21 из 63. What is the type of pneumoconiosis that has arisen as a result of inhalation of dust containing particles of graphite, iron, hydro-silicon oxide?

Варианты ответов:

1. K "acute" silicosis

2. To chronic rapidly progressive silicosis

3. To chronic slowly progressive silicosis

4. To chronic late silicosis

5. No to one of the above

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Вопрос 22 из 63. What stage or form of silicosis corresponds to the X-ray-logical picture of bilateral amplification, deformation of the broncholecular pattern, symmetrical expansion, compaction, deformation of the roots of the lungs, absence of expansion of the shadow of the heart?

Варианты ответов:

1. Silicosis of the I stage

2. Silicosis of stage II

3. Silicosis of stage III

4. Silicon tuberculosis

5. Kaplan syndrome

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Вопрос 23 из 63. What stage or form of silicosis corresponds to the X-ray-logical picture of compaction, expansion, deformation of the light roots, strengthening of the bronchopulmonary pattern, basal emphysema, thickening, deformation of the pleural contours in combination with nodular changes, symmetrically scattered throughout all fields, having the same dimensions (from 1-2 to 18-10 mm) and density?

Варианты ответов:

1. Silicosis of the I stage

2. Silicosis of stage II

3. Silicosis of stage III

4. Silicon tuberculosis

5. Kaplan syndrome

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Вопрос 24 из 63. What stage or form of silicosis corresponds to an X-ray logical pattern of asymmetrically located large nodes of various sizes, a form against the background of a rough deformation of the bronchopulmonary pattern, roots of the lungs, thickening and deformity of the pleura, interpleural adhesions, bullous emphysema, -samples of slitlike, non-level liquid ca-vern?

Варианты ответов:

1. Silicosis of the I stage

2. Silicosis of stage II

3. Silicosis of stage III

4. Silicotuberculosis

5. Kaplan syndrome

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Вопрос 25 из 63. What complications are typical for silicosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Chronic dust bronchitis

2. Emphysema of the lungs

3. Pleurisy

4. Pulmonary heart

5. All are typical

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Вопрос 26 из 63. What are the clinical symptoms that usually appear during the reversal of silicosis to silicotuberculosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum

2. Blood clots

3. Subfebrile condition

4. All listed

5. None of the above

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Вопрос 27 из 63. What are the clinical symptoms that usually appear when reversing silicosis to silicotuberculosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. A cough arises or intensifies

2. Sweating

3. Positive results of skin tuberculin tests

4. All listed

5. None of the above

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Вопрос 28 из 63. What radiological signs can indicate the transition of silicosis to silicotuberculosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Shell-shaped calcification of mediastinal lymph nodes

2. Polymorphic dissemination foci, located mainly in the upper parts of the lungs

3. Rounded cloudy segmental infiltrates, sometimes occupying a whole lobe of the lung

4. All listed

5. None of the above

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Вопрос 29 из 63. What are the typical deviations for silicoarthritis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Diffuse interstitial or nodular radiological changes in the lungs

2. Round infiltrative formations with sizes from 0.5 to 2 cm in diameter in the peripheral regions of the lungs

3. Erosive ankylosing symmetric arthritis of the small joints of the hands

4. All listed

5. None of the listed deviations

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Вопрос 30 из 63. In what cases arise silicates?

Варианты ответов:

1. When inhalation of multicomponent silicate dust containing up to 10% silica

2. When inhaled, multicomponent silicate dust containing more than 10% silica

3. When ingested into the digestive tract of dust particles containing a large amount of free silicon dioxide

4. In all listed cases

5. No in one of the listed cases

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Вопрос 31 из 63. Inhalation of dust, which of the following minerals can lead to the occurrence of pneumoconiosis - silicatosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Asbest

2. Talc

3. Mica

4. All listed

5. None of the above

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Вопрос 32 из 63. Which of the following is not typical for silicosis - asbestos?

Варианты ответов:

1. Diffuse fibrosis of the lungs with the involvement of peribronchial, perivascular interstitial tissue, interlobular and alveolar-dividing partitions.

2. Formation of bronchiectasis

3. Accumulation of asbestos dust particles in bifurcation and basal lymph nodes

4. Occurrence in the lungs symmetrically located nodules

5. High risk of squamous cell carcinoma from the epithelium of the mucous membrane of the small bronchi

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Вопрос 33 из 63. What clinical manifestations are not typical for silicatosis - asbestosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. The combination of symptoms of chronic dust bronchitis and pulmonary fibrosis.

2. Warts on the skin

3. Linear microstructures with thick ends in the form of weights, drum sticks in the histological preparations of the lungs

4. Thick, viscous, difficult to discharge sputum.

5. Hemoptysis

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Вопрос 34 из 63. What allows you to confirm the diagnosis of silicatosis - asbestos?

Варианты ответов:

1. The professional route confirms long-term work in industries related to the extraction, processing, use of asbestos in the production of the mineral

2. The results of the hygienic examination confirming the presence of excess of the maximum permissible concentrations of asbestos dust in the air at the workplace of the sick person

3. Characteristic clinical manifestations of the disease, detection of asbestos fibers and bodies in the sputum

4. Results of studies of respiratory function, X-ray, ECG, other methods confirming the presence of changes in the lung structure, respiratory insufficiency, signs of pulmonary heart characteristic of asbestosis

5. The aggregate of all of the above

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Вопрос 35 из 63. What changes are not typical for silicosis - talcosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. The combination of chronic dust bronchitis with pulmonary emphysema

2. Miliary interstitial pulmonary fibrosis

3. Formation in light nodules

4. Merge nodules in large nodes

5. The accumulation of dust particles in the basal lymph nodes

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Вопрос 36 из 63. What changes are not typical for pneumoconiosis - anthracosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. In the lungs there are anthracotic foci that can merge into large fields of fibrosis

2. Formation of cavities in the foci of pulmonary fibrosis

3. Presence of more than 10% silica in coal dust

4. All of these shifts are typical

5. The indicated shifts are not typical for anthracosis

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Вопрос 37 из 63. What are the typical shifts for pneumoconiosis - anthracosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. The combination of chronic dust bronchitis with pulmonary emphysema

2. Miliary interstitial pulmonary fibrosis

3. Formation in light nodules

4. Merge nodules in large nodes

5. The accumulation of dust particles in the basal lymph nodes

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Вопрос 38 из 63. What radiological changes in the lungs are typical for metallodiosis - siderosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Small radiopaque foci scattered throughout all pulmonary fields with distinct, uneven contours

2. Caverns

3. Bronchiectasis

4. All are typical

5. Everything is not typical

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Вопрос 39 из 63. What type of pneumoconiosis is berylliosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Pneumoconiosis caused by a highly fibrogenic agent

2. Pneumoconiosis caused by a weakly fibrogenic agent

3. Pneumoconiosis caused by a toxic-allergic agent

4. All definitions are correct

5. All definitions are incorrect

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Вопрос 40 из 63. What features are not typical for berylliosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Beryllium can be deposited for a long time in braids and lung tissue, replacing magnesium there

2. The disease may develop by inhaling minimal concentrations of beryllium dust in a very short time

3. For the formation of the disease requires a long, many years of contact with the dust of metallic beryllium or its alloys

4. Toxic doses of beryllium are able to penetrate the body through intact skin

5. All are typical

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Вопрос 41 из 63. What pathological changes are typical for berylliosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Formation of hypersensitive immune complex pneumonitis

2. Formation of diffuse granulomatous pulmonary fibrosis

3. Formation of granulomas in the internal organs

4. All are typical

5. Everything is not typical

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Вопрос 42 из 63. What features are not typical for beryllium granulomatous lesions of the lungs?

Варианты ответов:

1. Berylliotic granulomas are formed by epithelioid cells

2. In the central part of the granuloma are located the cochlear bodies

3. Beriliosis granulomas can merge into large nodes

4. In granulomas may occur foci of caseous necrosis

5. All are typical

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Вопрос 43 из 63. What clinical forms are typical for acute berylliosis (inhalation of beryllium aerosols)?

Варианты ответов:

1. Acute tracheobronchitis

2. Acute broncho-bronchiolitis

3. Toxic pneumonitis

4. All are typical

5. Everything is not typical

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Вопрос 44 из 63. What are the clinical features are not typical for chronic berylliosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. The disease is formed 1-2 years after the first contact with beryllium

2. The disease begins with shortness of breath, gradually turning into asphyxiation

3. During coughing episodes, blood streaks appear in the abundant sputum

4. Board pain in the chest

5. The recurrent fever is disturbing

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Вопрос 45 из 63. What are the objective symptoms typical of chronic berylliosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Diffuse warm cyanosis

2. The end of the phalanges of the fingers in the form of "drum sticks", the nail - "watch glasses"

3. In the lungs, non-sound crepitations (“crackling of cellophane”), dry and finely bubbling moist rales are heard

4. All are typical

5. Everything is not typical

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Вопрос 46 из 63. What radiographic changes in the lungs are not typical for chronic berylliosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Interstitial changes in the form of reinforcement, deformity of the congestive and bronchopulmonary patterns

2. Drain granulomatous changes in the form of small-point nodules, compaction, expansion of the roots of the lungs

3. Cloudy shadows of infiltrates occupying the apical regions of the right and left lungs

4. All are typical

5. Everything is not typical

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Вопрос 47 из 63. Which of the following occupational diseases relate to mixed dust pneumoconiosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Siderosilicosis

2. Silikoantrakoz

3. Pneumoconiosis of electric welders

4. All mentioned

5. None of the above

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Вопрос 48 из 63. What are the components of the welding gas-aerosol mixture cause pulmonary fibrosis when the pneumoconiosis of welders occurs?

Варианты ответов:

1. Iron aerosol

2. Aerosol of beryllium

3. Silicon dioxide aerosol

4. Carbon monoxide

5. Suspended soot particles

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Вопрос 49 из 63. What are the components of the welding gas-aerosol mixture cause toxic-allergic pneumonitis, diffuse granulomatous pneumofibrosis in case of pneumoconiosis of welders?

Варианты ответов:

1. Iron aerosol

2. Aerosol of beryllium

3. Silicon dioxide aerosol

4. Carbon monoxide

5. Suspended soot particles

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Вопрос 50 из 63. What are the components of the welding gas-aerosol mixture can cause the occurrence in patients with pneumoconiosis of welders of professional asthma?

Варианты ответов:

1. Iron aerosol

2. Silicon dioxide aerosol

3. Chromium aerosol

4. Carbon monoxide

5. Suspended soot particles

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Вопрос 51 из 63. Which of the following diseases do not belong to pneumoconiosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Silicosis

2. Asbestosis

3. Antraköz

4. Byssinosis

5. Farmer's lung

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Вопрос 52 из 63. What caused the damaging effect of fibrous dust that causes the formation of byssinosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. By the presence on the surface of fibers of molds, producing histamine-like substances

2. By the presence in the composition of cotton fibers of substances capable of inactivating histaminase in the bronchial mucosa

3. Sensitizing properties of protein substances that are part of the plant fibers

4. All of the above

5. None of the above

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Вопрос 53 из 63. What are the clinical manifestations are not typical for byssinosis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Dry cough 1-2 hours after starting to work in dusty conditions

2. After the weekend work in the dust causes attacks of strangling

3. During asthma attacks, body temperature may rise

4. During the working week, the severity of bronchospastic phenomena gradually subsides

5. All are typical

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Вопрос 54 из 63. What definitions do not apply to chronic occupational dust bronchitis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Chronic diffuse non-allergic inflammatory disease of the bronchi

2. The disease occurs as a result of long-term work in conditions of high content of moderately aggressive mixed dust in the inhaled air

3. The disease leads to a progressive impairment of pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange of the obstructive type

4. The disease can precede or be combined with occupational bronchial asthma

5. All are related

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Вопрос 55 из 63. What are the features of the pathogenesis of chronic occupational dust bronchitis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Endobronchitis arises and gradually progresses, which can lead to irreversible obstruction of the bronchi.

2. A nonspecific hyperreactivity of the bronchial muscles arises, which manifests itself as a bronchospastic response in response to the impact of the dust factor

3. Diffuse granulomatous pneumosclerosis occurs, resulting in restrictive disorders of the ventilating function of the lungs

4. All are related

5. All do not apply

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Вопрос 56 из 63. What are the clinical manifestations of the first stage of chronic occupational dust bronchitis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Non-obstructive respiratory failure (DN0 - DNI)

2. Respiratory failure DNI-DNII obstructive or mixed type

3. Respiratory failure DNII-DNIII of mixed obstructive-restrictive type

4. Lesion of the mucous membrane of the large bronchi (endobronchitis irritation)

5. Deforming bronchitis with the defeat of all layers of the wall

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Вопрос 57 из 63. What are the clinical manifestations of the second stage of chronic occupational dust bronchitis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Non-obstructive respiratory failure (DN0 - DNI)

2. Respiratory failure DNI-DNII obstructive or mixed type

3. Respiratory failure DNII-DNIII of mixed obstructive-restrictive type

4. Lesion of the mucous membrane of the large bronchi (endobronchitis irritation)

5. Deforming bronchitis with the defeat of all layers of the wall

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Вопрос 58 из 63. What are the clinical manifestations of the third stage of chronic occupational dust bronchitis?

Варианты ответов:

1. Non-obstructive respiratory failure (DN0 - DNI)

2. Respiratory failure DNI-DNII obstructive or mixed type

3. Respiratory failure DNII-DNIII of mixed obstructive-restrictive type

4. Lesion of the mucous membrane of the large bronchi (endobronchitis irritation)

5. Deforming bronchitis with the defeat of all layers of the wall

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Вопрос 59 из 63. Which wording is closest to the definition of occupational bronchial asthma?

Варианты ответов:

1. A disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways that occurs in response to contact with certain chemicals in production. It is determined by the presence of a history of respiratory symptoms, such as wheezing, shortness of breath, feeling of congestion in the chest and cough, the severity of which changes with time, as well as the variability in limiting the speed of air flow

2. Chronic immuno-inflammatory disease of the broncho-lung system that occurs in conditions of exposure to the organs of respiration of toxic-chemical agents

3. Chronic occupational respiratory disease, manifested by nonspecific hyperresponsiveness of the bronchopulmonary system in response to exposure to aerosols and dust of certain chemical substances present in the workplace of the patient

4. All correspond to the definition of occupational bronchial asthma

5. None of the wording is consistent with this definition

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Вопрос 60 из 63. Which allergens are most often the cause of the formation of occupational bronchial asthma?

Варианты ответов:

1. High-molecular substances (molecular weight over 500 daltons) of animal and vegetable origin, occurring under production conditions

2. Low molecular weight substances (molecular weight less than 500 daltons) used in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry

3. Pollen of flowering cereals in spring and summer

4. The saliva of bloodsucking insects

5. Food allergens (contact with them outside the production process)

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Вопрос 61 из 63. What circumstances are typical for occupational bronchial asthma?

Варианты ответов:

1. Hypersensitivity type I (atopic) to any allergen present in the workplace of the patient

2. The occurrence in the workplace of attacks of dry cough, ex-pyratory dyspnea, attacks of breathlessness by inhalation of air containing allergens with a gradual improvement in the state at the end of the shift

3. Prone to asphyxiation starts to disturb the patient only at the end of the work shift or when he returns home, often at night

4. All are typical

5. Everything is not typical

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Вопрос 62 из 63. What medicines are used for stopping the attacks of bronchospasm in patients with occupational bronchial asthma?

Варианты ответов:

1. β2-agonists of short action (salbutamol, fenoterol)

2. Anticholinergic drugs (Ipratropium bromide, Tiotropium bromide, Oxytropium bromide)

3. Inhalation glucocorticosteroids (beclamethasone, budeso-nid, flunisolid, fluticasone, etc.)

4. Theophylline short-acting (aminophylline, aminophylline)

5. Cromoglycate sodium (Intal, cromoline)

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Вопрос 63 из 63. What medicines are used to treat patients with occupational bronchial asthma during remission?

Варианты ответов:

1. β2-agonists of short action (salbutamol, fenoterol)

2. Anticholinergic drugs (Ipratropium bromide, Tiotropium bromide, Oxytropium bromide)

3. Inhalation glucocorticosteroids (beclamethasone, budeso-nid, flunisolid, fluticasone, etc.)

4. Theophylline short-acting (aminophylline, aminophylline)

5. Antagonists of leukotriene receptors (montelukast)

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